CVS Practice Test 2025 – Complete Exam Preparation

Succinylcholine is the anesthesia drug known to potentially cause severe hyperkalemia because it is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. When administered, succinylcholine mimics the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, leading to depolarization of the muscle membranes. This action can induce the release of potassium from inside the cells into the bloodstream, especially in patients with certain underlying conditions, such as muscle disorders, burns, or nerve injury, where there can already be an altered distribution of potassium.

Hyperkalemia, defined as high levels of potassium in the blood, can be dangerous, leading to potentially life-threatening cardiac complications. The risk is particularly significant in patients who have conditions that predispose them to increased potassium levels, which can be exacerbated by the use of succinylcholine. In clinical practice, it is crucial for healthcare providers to assess patient risk factors before administration to avoid complications associated with hyperkalemia.

Other drugs listed do not carry the same risk for severe hyperkalemia. For instance, propofol, fentanyl, and isoflurane do not have the same mechanism of action that would lead to significant potassium release in the bloodstream.